Yong Zhong
Yong Zhong is a relationship with the Bon religion, Buddhism is a great spell offering. But in the Tibetan areas are generally considered Bon mark. Cross and Yong Zhong pattern is the symbol of fire and the worship of the sun, in all the ancient national culture in the world have appeared, such as mainland China, the hinterland of the Central Plains Neolithic site, India, Buddhism, brahmanism. The most common is the Buddha's chest on Sanskrit symbols, called "lucky cloud".
"Swastika", "Swastika" and "Nazi" difference
One, "Swastika" and "Swastika" of the same
"Swastika" and "Swastika" read WAN (Yin Wan), "Swastika" said l "million" (positive million), "Swastika" right-handed "Wan" (Fan Wan). Whether the "Swastika" and "Swastika", are used to characterize the wisdom and compassion of the Buddha of infinite. Its meaning is "auspicious Wan set", "Wande complete" meaning. Mahayana Buddhism thought it was Shakya Muni Buddha chest now on, Hinayana Buddhism believes that the chest is not limited to. People in addition to the "Swastika (swastika)" as a symbol, often supplies and accessories made of "Swastika (swastika)" shape, as the display or Pei load encourage ourselves to the Buddha, world can achieve the expected Wande solemn realm. During Sui and Tang Dynasty, the Buddhist scriptures in the "Swastika" sometimes "Swastika", not one, there is some confusion. Tang Huilin "all through the sound and meaning" put forward, should take the "Swastika" shall prevail.
Two, "Swastika" and "Swastika" different
Counter clockwise swastika and clockwise swastika, in Tibet there is a difference between. Tibetan Buddhism to the swastika as auspicious symbol, the swastika on the walls, and other artifacts. Swastika is Bon religion symbols, referred to as "Swastika Yong Zhong", meaning "strong". Bon think Swastika "letter containing solid invariant" meaning, the swastika on the walls, the Scriptures, and religious picture, some areas of the Tibetans, painting a swastika on the forehead. Bon is counterclockwise to left-handed, Tibetan Buddhist is a righthanded clockwise around the temples, pagodas, the Holy Land pilgrimage, Kamiyama. Swastika and the swastika, say bon and Tibetan Buddhism in the different way. Bon is similar to the primitive religion Shamanism, divination, blessing, please God exorcism, except disease solution as the main activities.
In the history of Tibet, "Swastika" is closely related to religion, both the original bon and Tibetan buddhism. In primitive religion, "Swastika" is auspicious, bon was created called "Yong Zhongben", use of words is called "Yong Zhong" God paper, bon place called "nine Yong Zhong Shan", "Yong Zhong dune" Bon ancestor, the monk there are "Yong Zhong" auspicious patterns, even the Bon monasteries location is in the natural with the "Swastika" pattern. The introduction of Buddhism in Tibet, "Swastika" is also widely used. All the paintings of the Buddha, the chest will have a good luck charm. But the bon and Tibetan Buddhism in the use of "Swastika" has certain difference: bon in the "Swastika" counterclockwise rotation, Buddhism in "Swastika" clockwise. If you want to go to the temple, first make sure that this is Bon monasteries and Buddhist temples, otherwise the direction to turn back, turn it to express the wish is equal to zero.
Three, the "Nazi" logo
Deformation "use armbands and flag German Nazis led by Hitler of the Swastika" (the "Swastika" word left or to the right 45 degrees and), is stealing Buddhist swastika to. Time went by. In twentieth Century, the mankind entered. Hitler believes that the Aryans are the most excellent race, the swastika is Aryan sign; the Jews are the inferior race, his pursuit of "in a fever of racial purity", set off again and anti semitism. In twenty or thirty, he was the German National Socialist Party flag design, in red cloth on the white circle embedded in the black "X" (the swastika is rotated 45 degrees), as a mark against Jews in September, 1935, it became the third imperial flag and emblem. In the red and black "X" sign flag, the Nazi anti Semitism, third imperial fascist countries started the Second World War, causing human catastrophe.
The use of German Nazi symbols confused on the extremely easy and Buddhism in the "Swastika" word. In fact, the two structure is similar, but different shape. Mark the Nazis is cross party name two initials S letters. The middle intersection part is "X" shape, even the whole surrounding vacancy, a diamond. The intersection of middle Buddhism word for "+" shape, with its surrounding vacancy, the whole square. Therefore, whether it is "Swastika", or "Swastika", the overall shape is square, and the "Nazi" logo "Wan" word for the diamond. Therefore, the Nazi party in modern German "National Socialist" emblem ", the German word head countries" and "socialist" are "S", two S staggered into the shape of "X". Hitler believed that "the X word symbol" Aryan fight for victory mission, and in 2000 as the Nazi party one nine two. And this and Buddhism will not the slightest relationship, should be strictly distinguished swastika, walked into the life of the Chinese people, and the translation of Buddhist scriptures, the spread of Buddhism, in general since Wei and Jin Dynasties. "Generous Kegon Guangfo the" volume six five "into the law realm" said: "Shakya Muni" chest mark swastika, seven flat full." Swastika is a symbol of good luck, Shakya Muni is the 32 phase of. The ancient Hindu India, Qi Na taught, with "Swastika" as a symbol of good luck, the swastika written in the courtyard, offering and books. In the Jain religious rituals, swastika and Aquarius is one of the symbol of auspicious eight items. Swastika in Sanskrit, the sound chamber and CuO Luo Cha Nang, meaning "blessing", translated as "old auspicious cloud".
"The specific meaning of the Swastika"
Swastika is the thirtytwo phase of Lord buddha. According to "long Agama" say, it is the sixteenth kind of adult phase, in the Buddha's chest. In the "Dasa shade, dry son said the" volume six, that is the story of the Buddha's eightieth good phase, in the chest. In the ten volume "said by the theory of" twelfth, Sakyamuni Buddha Bodhisattva in the future, they found that there is merit solemn diamond swastika. This is generally called his merit. But in "Fang Guangda solemnly by" volume three, said the Buddha's hair also has five swastika. In "a Vinaya chores" volume twentyninth, said the Buddha waist also has a swastika. "Swastika" is only a symbol, not words. It is very auspicious, auspicious cloud is called, also known as Ji Xiangxi rotation. Therefore, "said volumes in the mahaprajnaparamita Sutra:" 381st siblings and their before Buddha has Ji Xiangxi rotation, to Buddha's merit.
The swastika symbol, the swastika directed dextral is left shaped. According to "Hui Lin" twentyfirst volumes, "meaning" and "meaning Hui Wan, Kegon", a total of seventeen said the swastika phase is right. But "Tuo Ronnie set by" Tenth volumes shown marici like with the fan, the painting of the swastika phase is left swastika. And Japan Nara pharmacists pharmacists Buddha Temple at the foot of the swastika phase, is lefthanded, but most of the records are righthanded. As early as the Hindu God, Vishnu and Kelixin such as the chest, a swastika. In the legends of ancient India, who can chakravartin rule the world, with all the thirtytwo kinds of adult phase; the Buddha is the law, therefore also has thirtytwo adult phase, this in the "Diamond Sutra" were recorded in the.
In modern times, right or left, there is a debate. But most believe that right is right, l was wrong. Especially in twentieth Century forty time, Hitler in Europe, also used the swastika phase for his Nazi flag. Since then, with more controversy, some say Hitler is lefthanded, the Buddhist is right. In fact, in the Tang Dynasty Empress Wu era were, once created a word -- swastika, read "day", as a symbol of the sun, is left; Hitler is using the angle shaped swastika, Buddhism is a square shaped. As for Hinduism is a righthanded male God said, l said female god. Tibet Lamaism with dextral, BON (bon-pa) is L.
According to the research of Dr. light island and Japan kokushikan University, the swastika the non text, beginning in the eighth Century BC when Brahmanism records, but the lord god Vishnu chest, is called the vatsa mark rather than text, to third Century BC was used in Buddhist scripture. By first Century, it changed its name to'svastiko, the cow head hair spiral, evolved into the god Vishnu chest, becomes the sixteen phase one of the adults, and become one of thirty-two adults.
In short, whether in Buddhism, lefthanded righthanded swastika, were used to describe the Buddha's wisdom and compassion infinite. Cyclic representations of infinite power of the operation, to the Western infinitely extended, endless endless relief shows, ten square immeasurable beings. So also need not persistent, try to figure out the swastika form is right or left.
Swastika, and the translation of Buddhist scriptures, the spread of Buddhism, in general since Wei and Jin Dynasties. "Generous Kegon Guangfo the" volume six five "into the law realm" said: "Shakya Muni" chest mark swastika, seven flat full." Swastika is a symbol of good luck, Shakya Muni is the 32 phase of. The ancient Hindu India, Qi Na taught, with "Swastika" as a symbol of good luck, the swastika written in the courtyard, offering and books. In the Jain religious rituals, swastika and Aquarius is one of the symbol of auspicious eight items. Swastika in Sanskrit, the sound chamber and CuO Luo Cha Nang, meaning "blessing", translated as "old auspicious cloud".
Song Fayun "translation" nominal set volume six cited Tang Huiyuan "new translation generous Kegon Guangfo through the sound and meaning" said: "the swastika the non word, Zhou long two years (AD 693 years) the Lord of this right, at Tianshu, sound as million, that the set is auspicious wan." Qiao Hui and Wu Zetian first weighting, Taoism, then anti Chong buddha. She is a reason to do so. Wu Zetian by Tang Taizong's talent, to Tang Gaozong's instrument, use unscrupulous divisive tactics in the court fight, defeated the king and queen xiaoshufei and become queen; she killed Li Tang Royal, and then to Tang made the emperor for weeks; her appointment of officials, the tyranny deterrent volt subjects, her the doings, Confucianism is hard to explain. But Li Tang royalty recognized kiss, Taoism can't betray Li Tang, there's only the Buddha worship way. Vertical arch in four years (688), wuchengsi forged engraved with "Notre Dame Lin, Yongchang Diye" rise, put on the table that rise out of the. The same year and have people forge engraved with "the Buddha from the air, the top is granted to remember (predicted)", "three six young sang Tang, order also sang Wu Mei Niang" rise, claimed in Sishui, alluding to proclaim oneself emperor Wu Zetian is the Buddha will. Tianshou the first year (690), "the east of the temple monks faming written" cloud "four volumes, table, said the Empress Dowager Maitreya Buddha, contemporary Tang in jambudvipa (died), enacted in the world" ("Zizhitongjian" Volume II "four). In September of that year, she became a big week emperor of the Holy spirit. Live two years (693), bodhiruci. "Treasure by the rain", but also added "star emperor" to "Maha Cina country", "the female body as comfortable main". This kind of Buddhist prophecies, board seat and consolidate the throne is God played for Wu Zetian.
On the "Shu", "restructure" Volume II "five note: extension containing the first year (694)," Wu Sansi handsome Shii Emirates please bronze iron Tianshu, stand outside the side door, bearing in mind the merit, to Tang Song zhou". At 105 feet tall, eight surface, the diameter of five feet. For the diameter of three feet Tengyun Cheng Lu plate, four long high Yi Zhang holds fire bead, Tianshu engraved on the Wu Zetian list "big week million Guosong de Tianshu", next moment to Tang Song Zhou Wu Sansi written text, officials and Shii Emirates name. Build Tianshu song de Wu week initiative, the swastika carved in Tianshu, sing the praises of Wu Zhou auspicious wan. Years of vicissitudes, Tianshu early collapse does not exist. Now, Wu Zetian's mausoleum, there is no word monument, what is the admission of incomparable merit, the text hard to express; or the throne for her and Tang Zhongzong to comment, but without words?
Archaeological finds from the cultural relics, the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the swastika has walked out of the Buddhist scriptures, become decorative theme daily utensils. In the history of bronze mirror, from Tang Dezong to the late Tang Dynasty, popular swastika mirror. The Yuan Dynasty rulers of Chongxin Buddhism, Qu Dou Guan kiln site in Fujian Dehua, has unearthed many with swastika decorative box. The swastika Kam edge geometric patterns tufted carpet, people can now see, that a swastika is not broken.During Sui and Tang Dynasty, the Buddhist scriptures in the "Swastika" sometimes "Swastika", not one, there is some confusion. Tang Huilin "all through the sound and meaning" put forward, should take the "Swastika" shall prevail. Counter clockwise swastika and clockwise swastika, in Tibet there is a difference between. Tibetan Buddhism to the swastika as auspicious symbol, the swastika on the walls, and other artifacts. Swastika is Bon religion symbols, referred to as "Swastika Yong Zhong", meaning "strong". Bon think Swastika "letter containing solid invariant" meaning, the swastika on the walls, the Scriptures, and religious picture, some areas of the Tibetans, painting a swastika on the forehead. Bon is counterclockwise to lefthanded, Tibetan Buddhist is a righthanded clockwise around the temples, pagodas, the Holy Land pilgrimage, Kamiyama. Swastika and the swastika, say bon and Tibetan Buddhism in the different way. Bon is similar to the primitive religion Shamanism, divination, blessing, please God exorcism, except disease solution as the main activities.
In the history of human civilization, swastika and the swastika as symbols, appears very early. West of the Neolithic site Iran Fars Province, south of the site of Persepolis Bakun, unearthed a time no later than 3500 BC pottery, which symbolizes the goddess of fertility Tao like, her shoulders a swastika symbol. China the Yellow River in the upper reaches of the Majiayao culture (BC 3300 ~ 2050), the late Neolithic culture,'s Chengdong Qinghai Dole County Majiayao culture of Willow Bay, found that there are more than 130 kinds of carved symbols, which is the swastika. Scholars believe these symbols, is used to remember. The ancient Mesopotamia's currency, a swastika symbol. Europe entered the bronze age, the swastika as decorative symbols. In the early Christian art and Byzantine art, can see the swastika. Polynesian, South America and Central America, Ma Yaren North American Navajo, also used the swastika and Swastika symbols. Navalho Indians to swastika symbol Fengshen rain god. Early Germanic peoples common gods Thor, is a Thor, the swastika is his gavel.
Time went by. In twentieth Century, the mankind entered. Hitler believes that the Aryans are the most excellent race, the swastika is Aryan sign; the Jews are the inferior race, his pursuit of "in a fever of racial purity", set off again and anti semitism. In twenty or thirty, he was the German National Socialist Party flag design, in red cloth on the white circle block black swastika, a symbol, against the Jews in 1935 September, it became the third imperial flag and emblem. The swastika symbol in red and black tricolor flag, the Nazi anti Semitism, third imperial fascist countries started the Second World War, causing human catastrophe.
Swastika and the swastika as a symbol of longstanding, covering a wide area, many people have used it.
American ethnologist Morgan (1818.11 ~ 1881.12) in "ancient society" in say: "posture and symbolic language seems to be the original, is the speech clear language sister....... The evolution of the two still can not be separated. Yes, posture language or body language and sign language, and speak clear language like sisters, always accompanied by. Is the human into the digital age, computer language, posture language and symbolic language does not disappear. In the tunnel of time, came to the ancient swastika, ten, Chinese Tai Chi, the ancient Egyptian beetle like symbols, release or in energy, their impact on human culture has a positive or negative effect. Therefore, do not neglect the history has had or will have a sign language, it tells you, rather than a character more.....
